The water was brought to Earth icy comets

World oceans contain more than 1.3 billion cubic kilometers of water. Multiply this by several thousand will get the amount they are astronomers have discovered in the universe and to a distance of only 175 light years.

This huge reservoir belongs to the young star TW Hydra, and astronomers believe that this star is not alone in the universe that has a water supply. A team led by researchers from the Netherlands Leiden University is hoping that in the next two years will be able to observe three more water drive.

Scientists are using the super-sensitive infrared technology detected vapor cloud surrounding TW Hydra. Even more interesting was what they could see: water drive means that there is a huge reservoir of water "is enough to fill several thousand of the earth's oceans," according to the journal "Science" which was released to discovery.

Professor of Astronomy at the University of Amsterdam, Carsten Dominik, who has co-authored the article, the Deutsche Welle is a discovery in earthly measures: "If you see an iceberg, you see only its small part. The same concept applies to the universe. Water supplies in the rotating disk is actually located deep below the surface. "Researchers say the comet's icy water is produced in a collision capable of forming new worlds oceans.

When the particles collide

Appeared some questions that the research team had to respond. Professor at the University of Leiden and the Institute "Max Planck" said Erwin van Dishoek Two: Where does our water bodies and oceans and how he arrived on the planet like the Earth?

"We know that the planets formed in the rotating disks of gas and dust around stars and one of the eternal questions is: what are the reservoirs of water that can be found in these disks?"

Dust particles in the cloud are like grains of sand on the beach, only about 10,000 times less. One crash, the growth of square kilometers to the entire planet.

But the disc does not contain only dust but also the water molecules, which are located further from the star, the water inside the disk is cooler. Van Dishoek says that scientists have already noticed the hot water closer to the center but that the water is not necessarily the one that will create a new planetary system. "A sensitive instrument in the observatory of the European Space Agency has enabled them to see the cold water at the edges of the disc.

Van Dishoek frozen water is described as a "zone in which the 'food' new atmosphere or the planet," of the body like the Earth to the so-called. "Water worlds" that giant planets like Jupiter.

Thank technology

Credit for the discovery of the scientists credited with a large capacity unit of the European Space Agency. High Resolution Instrument recognized the steam reservoir with the help of ultraviolet photons, which is released on contact with ice.

"When that happens, they emit radiation that we can discover," explains Carsten Dominik. "We see that the particles act as ice particles in a cloud of dust. Fly around, occasionally collide and unite on this occasion. The more collisions occur, there is more ice comet. "

One theory about the origin of Earth's oceans, these comets were used as transport for water, mostly in the form of ice, into new worlds. Some astronomers represent a different theory: that the asteroids used as a water supplier.

"Very probably, the water came to earth in the form of ice, but it's only a matter of where," says Dominic, adding that both options are possible, and asteroids and icy comets.

Mosquitoes mutants, rescue of dengue fever

The descendants of genetically modified insect deadly inherited gene, thus reducing the number of transmissions of the disease.

There is no vaccine against dengue fever carried by mosquitoes, but British scientists say they have just found a way to curb this disease yet. The team genetically modified the insects so that their descendants still die as larvae with no chance for reproduction thereby reducing the number of transmitters of infection.
Mosquitoes were altered in the laboratory so that its young people carry a lethal gene transfer island's media.
After the experiment are several British university professors, as well as companies "Oksitek", which works closely with Oxford.
For researchers, it is important as mosquitoes mutants managed to mate and survive competition by wild insects. When scientists in the earlier experiments sterilize insects, they are not even able to keep up with the intact mosquitoes making it still came to fertilization and recovery of the population.
- You just have to be a moderate number of females mated with males genetically modified to make this method failed, explains Luc Alfi, who teaches at Oxford and working for "Oksitek".
His associates were released genetically modified mosquitoes in parts of the Cayman Islands affected by Dengue fever. Revised insects accounted for 16 percent of male mosquitoes tested in the Caribbean area. At the end of the experiment, scientists have found a lethal gene in ten percent of the larvae, which, according to them, kind enough to suppress. Finally, the number of mosquitoes in a controlled area decreased by 80 percent.
Dengue fever is a virus that gets through mosquitoes bite. World Health Organization recorded 50 million cases per year of which 25,000 patients dies in tropical and subtropical parts of Asia, Australia and America. Patients complain of high fever, rash, headache and bone pain.
Proponents of biological engineering, said that this way of controlling the mosquito population as opposed to ecological use of insecticides. However, opponents warn that a modified organisms can no longer return to its natural state. They believe that the "Oksitek" experimented on his own and will operate in those countries where this area is not regulated.
Florida, which has from time to time is also affected by the infection, pending approval of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Expert of the institution Todd Shelley immediately after the publication of the results said that the research is significant, but the more one knows. For example, it will look like mosquito bites genetically modified? In addition, there are data that is 3.5 percent of the larvae survived, despite a lethal gene, so the question is what will they mean for the survival of this species.
- Frankenstein question remains, concluded Shelley.

Facebook changing our brains?

People with a long list of friends on Facebook have larger and denser structure in the three regions of the brain than those with only a few online friends.

Scientists are investigating, but have not yet figure out whether part of the brain responsible for social life that affects people who spend a lot of time on Facebook have more friends, or is used frequently, and social networks lead to changes in the brain.

By studying the brain's Facebook researchers found that people with a longer list of friends on this network have larger and denser structure in the three regions of the brain than those with only a few online friends.

It is the upper temporal lobe and the middle temporal gyrus, which are associated with social perception as the perception of another's look or facial expression, and entorinal cortex which in turn is associated with remembering faces and names.

- The question is whether the size of the "social" part of the brain encourages people to have more friends on Facebook or the area is subject to change due to frequent use of social networks - says lead researcher Geraint Rees, neurologist and professor at University College London, adding that it will be more studies are needed to reach the right answer.

In the past, and Susan Greenfield, an Oxford which deals with scientific research in the field of neurology, causing controversies by claiming that the human mind in the 21 clear podetinjiti century, to be incapacitated for a longer concentration and empathy, will tend to sensationalism and will have a deluded sense of identity.

Soon the new look of Gmail?

Video is presented in which a new design of Gmail mistakenly got on YouTube and then disappeared with him.

Meanwhile, Google is the announcement came that it was true that the new Gmail stores, but that was not supposed to see this video. At least not yet.

See the "controversial" video!



When you already are, in the above video we could hear about the redesign and much clearer view of Gmail, the function of screen size and improve search and filtering e-mails, as well as some of the innovations.

Alma telescope, seeking the origin of the universe

One of the largest scientific enterprise 21st century, Alma telescope in the desert Atacama plateau in Chile, started its work. The task of the largest and most complex ever field a radio telescope to investigate and study the processes that occurred several hundred million years after the universe when the first stars began to shine.

His work should explain the current appearance of the cosmos and the origin of life. "We will be able to see the beginning of the creation of the universe and how galaxies form first. We will find out so much about how the universe works," said Palab Ghosh, Science correspondent, who was present at the beginning of the telescope.
Alma, whose construction began in 2003, consists of a series of connected giant antenna deployed on the highest plateau in the Atacama desert, near the border of Chile and Bolivia.
In order to give the public a little insight into the work of the telescope, European Southern Observatory (ESO), one of the organizations which will operate the plant, has announced the first images recorded by the Alma and showing the collision of two galaxies. These colossal swarms of stars can be seen by optical telescopes, such as the legendary Hubble.
What distinguishes Alma, however, is that it can catch the light that is visible to the eye and make out thick clouds of cold gas from which new stars are formed.
The photographs were made using 12 antennas. The resolution and clarity of images will grow dramatically as they integrated new antennas that would by 2013. supposed to be 66th overall
Alma looks light in the millimeter and submilimeter frequency band which allows astronomers to identify the gas vortex is created at the beginning of the universe, more than 13 billion years ago and from which emerged the first stars that lit up the universe.
Astronomers will also be able to see the formation of planets around stars and to study supemassiv black hole in the center of our galaxy, which is due to dust can not see optical telescopes.
A Japanese research team plans to use for the study of Alma has a strange cosmic phenomena - particularly the light of the galaxy Himiko which annually produces about 100 sun.
In addition to being scientifically ambitious project of Alma and a miracle of technology and engineering. Pascal Martinez, the man who oversees the work of the plant, described Alma as a "pyramid of the 21st century." "The sheer size engineering project, its technical complexity and what they will achieve this hardware is innovative and built to the glory of mankind," said Martinez, whose task is to supervise the connecting antennas, each weighing about 100 tons.

Travel the universe from its inception

Bolshoi backward simulation using observations from the time of the Big Bang with everything we know about dark matter in an attempt to conjure up the beginning of the creation of the universe.

The universe is so large that we need the help of supercomputers to have only scratched the surface of what we assume that it happens.

It is with these supercomputers, scientists were able to create simulations Bolshoi - extremely detailed overview of the universe 14 billion years long.

Using recordings of microwave background radiation and outstanding after the Big Bang with a combination of everything we know about dark matter, the Bolshoi is offering scientists worldwide to study the material.

A sviam others only a fraction of what is going on above our atmosphere, in the greatest depths of the universe.

Manage with your fingers got a new dimension

Just as we got used to the phone and tablet computer controlled using a finger, the researchers of the University of Carnegie Mellon University will lead us to the next level.

They showed this week, a technology called TapSense to better use our fingers and allows better management of devices with touch screen.

They, in fact, no matter which part are the finger touched the screen, because they believe that touching the nail (nail) may signal one thing, a touch of cheek bone (fall), Article (knuckle) or with your fingertip (tip), something else entirely.

The technology developed involves the use of microphones nestle the screen, which allows them to accurately discern whether we have touched the tip of a finger, fingernail, or cheekbones čuknuli article. The system of proving the correctness of his concept for the time being is able to distinguish these four types of contact with an accuracy of 95%.

One of the goals of the team that developed Tapsens is to eliminate the need for buttons and other conventions that take up space to perform some action on the device and thus better use of sometimes limited screen size.

"Tapsens basically doubles the bandwidth of the touch screen," says Chris Harrison, a doctoral candidate at the Institute for the interaction of people and computers (Human-Computer Interaction Institute, HCII) at Carnegie Mellon. "This is especially important for small screens. If we remove buttons from the screen, we get more space for content or we can increase the other buttons. "

The same technology can be used to distinguish a number of different tools such as pencils, which can then be used to screen all the writes and draws a variety of colors.